NVMe Speed Test

 The computer peripheral bus is eventually settled on PCIe and one small form factor expansion card is M.2 which provides up to 4 PCI express lane.   NVMe SSDs are now widely used and getting inexpensive.  Coming in size 2280/60/42/30.  M Key.

- Patriot Memory P310 NVMe PCIe M.2 Gen 3 x4 480GB $29.49 (6 cents/GB) 11/24

- Patriot Memory P310 NVMe PCIe M.2 Gen 3 x4 240GB $18.99 (8 cents/GB) 10/24

- Western Digital WD Blue Gen 3 x4 M.2 2280 500GB $49.99 (10 cents/GB) 6/22

- Lexar E-series 64GB Micro SD 100MB/s U3, A1,  $6.13 (10 cents/GB) each (for a pack of 3) in 10/24, 

- UGREEN 10Gbps M.2 NVME to USB3.3 Gen 2 $15.99 in 11/24

- ORICO M.2 NVMe USB3.1 Gen 2 (10Gbps) $18.99 in 6/22

ORICO + Patriot 480GB + Macbook Pro Linux

gnome-disks benchmark, 100MB 100 Samples
Average Read 458.4 MB/s
Average Write 417.6 MB/s
Average Access time 0.22 msec

dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/Pat480G/dump.bin bs=1G count=100 status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 1696.78 s, 63.3 MB/s

dd of=/dev/null if=/media/davex/Pat480G/dump.bin bs=1G count=100 status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 242.579 s, 443 MB/s

UGREEN + Patriot 480GB + Macbook Pro Linux

exFAT

dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/PAT480GXFAT/dump.bin bs=100M count=4K status=progress

429496729600 bytes (429 GB, 400 GiB) copied, 956.569 s, 449 MB/s

sudo dd if=/dev/sdd of=/dev/null bs=100M count=4K status=progress

429496729600 bytes (429 GB, 400 GiB) copied, 974.971 s, 441 MB/s

UGREEN + Patriot 480GB + PC Windows 10

exFAT

winsat disk -drive d

> Disk  Random 16.0 Read                       215.03 MB/s          7.8

> Disk  Sequential 64.0 Read                   642.06 MB/s          8.2

> Disk  Sequential 64.0 Write                  661.92 MB/s          8.2

> Average Read Time with Sequential Writes     0.190 ms          8.6

> Latency: 95th Percentile                     0.321 ms          8.8

> Latency: Maximum                             0.610 ms          8.9

> Average Read Time with Random Writes         0.192 ms          8.9

UGREEN + Patriot 240GB + Macbook Pro 

gnome-disks benchmark, 100MB 100 Samples
Average Read 458.5 MB/s
Average Write 420.8 MB/s
Average Access time 0.08 msec

dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/Pat240G/dump.bin bs=1G count=100 status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 718.181 s, 150 MB/s

dd of=/dev/null if=/media/davex/Pat240G/dump.bin bs=1G count=100 status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 242.159 s, 443 MB/s

ORICO + Patriot 240GB + Macbook Pro Linux

NTFS

dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/Pat240G/dump2.bin bs=100M count=1K status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 811.527 s, 132 MB/s

ext4

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/Pat240G/dump.bin bs=100M count=1K status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 240.032 s, 447 MB/s

tr '\0' '\377' < /dev/zero | sudo dd of=/media/davex/Pat240G/dump2.bin bs=100M count=1K status=progress iflag=fullblock
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 261.163 s, 411 MB/s

sudo dd if=/dev/random of=/media/davex/Pat240G/dump2.bin bs=100M count=1K status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 429.978 s, 250 MB/s

exFAT

dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/PAT240GXFAT/dump2.bin bs=100M count=1K status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 250.026 s, 429 MB/s

dd if=/media/davex/Pat480G/Lux2e/Lux2e.vdi of=/media/davex/PAT240GXFAT/Lux2e/Lux2e.vdi bs=100M status=progress
124962996224 bytes (125 GB, 116 GiB) copied, 422.505 s, 296 MB/s

UGREEN + Patriot 240GB + Raspberry Pi 5

exFAT

dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/PAT240GXFAT/dump2.bin bs=100M count=1K status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 415.082 s, 259 MB/s

dd of=/dev/null of=/media/davex/PAT240GXFAT/Lux2e/Lux2e.vdi bs=100M count=1K status=progress
124962996224 bytes (125 GB, 116 GiB) copied, 327.183 s, 382 MB/s

Patriot 240GB + Raspberry Pi 5 (nvme)

exFAT

dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/PAT240GXFAT/dump2.bin bs=100M count=1K status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 297.226 s,  361 MB/s

dd of=/dev/null of=/media/davex/PAT240GXFAT/Lux2e/Lux2e.vdi bs=100M count=1K status=progress
124962996224 bytes (125 GB, 116 GiB) copied, 278.538 s, 449 MB/s

UGREEN + Patriot 240GB + Jetson Nano

exFAT

dd if=/media/davez/PAT240GXFAT/Lux2e/Lux2e.vdi of=/dev/null bs=100M status=progress
124970336256 bytes (125 GB, 116 GiB) copied, 561.616 s, 223 MB/s

dd of=/media/davez/PAT240GXFAT/dump.bin if=/dev/zero bs=100M count=1K status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 1405.02 s, 76.4 MB/s

UGREEN + WD 500GB + Macbook Pro 

ext4

gnome-disks benchmark, 100MB 100 Samples
Average Read 456.6 MB/s
Average Write 329.8 MB/s   (start off at 420 MB/s , drop to 260 MB/s after half way)
Average Access time 0.21 msec

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davex/SYSTEM/dump.bin bs=100M count=1K status=progress
107374182400 bytes (107 GB, 100 GiB) copied, 401.139 s, 268 MB/s

WD 500GB + Raspberry Pi 5 (nvme)

ext4

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/media/davez/SYSTEM/dump.bin bs=100M count=1000 status=progress
104857600000 bytes (105 GB, 98 GiB) copied, 321.092 s, 327 MB/s

sudo dd of=/dev/null if=/media/davez/SYSTEM/dump.bin bs=100M status=progress
104857600000 bytes (105 GB, 98 GiB) copied, 116.73 s, 898 MB/s

The file format block size has a significant effect on the speed; it is a tradeoff between the speed and disk space utilization.